Pros and Cons of Spaying your JRT

As a pet owner, there are times when you, and you alone, have to make the really tough decisions.  The decision on whether to spay your female JRT is one of the most important ones you will make.  

There are many who are on both sides of this debate, and each can present a pretty strong argument.  However, in the end, it is up to YOU as to what is best for your JRT.  The one thing you need to keep in mine at ALL times is the health and welfare of your companion.  Nothing else matters. 

The question is—is spaying the proper option for your JRT? 

To help you decide lets take a look at the benefits and the downsides—pros and cons—of having this procedure done.

The PROS

I am sure there are many who are for spaying that will say there are more benefits than just the ones listed below for spaying your JRT.  But, keep in mind that we are just looking at the commonly mentioned ones.

Heat Cycles—anyone who has a female JRT knows the nuisance that is the heat cycle.  Not only is it messy, with the possibility that your carpet or furniture can be permanent stained, lets not forget the embarrassment of your JRT constantly licking herself and shamelessly flirting with every male dog she sees.  You have to be on constant guard duty, making sure that she does not escape for a midnight rendezvous.  And what if her heat cycle coincides with a planned vacation?   More often than not, that vacation may have to be pushed to another time.  The worries of your JRT getting away from you, or of complications due to hotel or visiting arrangements may just make the vacation—well, a non-vacation.  And the issue of boarding and the required vigilance may only increase worries. 

Uterine Infections—it is estimated that 1 in 4 unspayed female JRT’s will develop a deadly infection called pyometria.  The uterus will fill up with pus, becoming toxic, and can become life threatening.  If this occurs, emergency spaying is required, and with your JRT already being sick from the infection, and most times middle-aged and elderly, the chances of survival are greatly diminished.  The thing to keep in mind is that pyometria IS preventable, by spaying your JRT when they are still young and healthy.

False Pregnancies—it is common for an unsprayed JRT, a few weeks after her heat cycle, to have what is called a “false pregnancy”.  Basically this is where her body reacts as if she were pregnant—her belly swells, her nipples may produce and leak milk, and your JRT may become very attached to her stuffed toys.  This may all seems harmless, but the hormonal changes that your JRT experiences during this time can affect her entire body.  Some JRT’s develop serious, sometimes life threatening, infections of the mammary glands known at mastitis.

Actual Pregnancies—plain and simple, spaying prevents unplanned, unwanted, and to be honest unnecessary pregnancies.  If your JRT should become pregnant—either deliberately or accidentally—there are multiple risks during the pregnancy and during giving birth.   Not counting the expenses of vetting and being properly educated on the breeding and birthing of JRT’s, there is a very good possibility that complications may arise during, or following, the birth that can cause the untimely death of your beloved companion. 

Breast Cancer—the fewer amount of heat cycles your JRT experiences, the less likely chance she will develop mammary gland tumors, the most common form of breast cancer in canines.  If you have your JRT spay before 2 ½ years of age, her chance of developing breast cancer is drastically reduced.  Basically, the less amount of heat cycles the less chance of complications.

Uterine and Ovarian Cancer—this is just a little extra added piece of mind, as these cancers are not common in JRT’s

The CONS

Again, there are sure to more examples of reasons to spay your female JRT.  We are just touching on the more commonly mentioned ones here.  

                Doubled risk of obesity—when a JRT is spayed, her metabolism is altered.  The problem of obesity arises when you continue to feed her the same amount after spaying as you did before.  Since her metabolism has slowed, she will not need as much at each meal.  Monitor how much you feed her, and make sure she has plenty of exercise.

                Hemangiosarcoma Cancer risk—it has been determined that your JRT’s reproductive hormones seem to provide some protection against this particular form of cancer, which generally attacks the heart and spleen.  Spayed females are twice as likely to develop hemangiosarcoma of the spleen and are five times as likely to develop hemangiosarcoma of the heart.

                Hypothyroidism—studies have shown that the reproductive hormones affect the endocrine system as well when removed.  This results in lower thyroid levels which in turn results in lethargy, obesity and hair loss.  The up side is that the lower thyroid levels can be maintained with daily thyroid medication.

                General Anesthesia—with any surgery there is a risk of complications due to the anesthesia.  However, studies have determined a 20% of spaying procedures experience bad reactions to anesthesia, as well as internal bleeding, inflammation, infection, abcesses and sutures coming undone.  The good news, most complications are minor.

                Too Young at Spaying—spaying your JRT at too early an age can affect her normal development because her reproductive hormones play an essential role in that development.  Complications can include:  

                          Hip dysplasia and ligament rupture—this occurs when the necessary hormones aren’t available and this causes the leg bones to grow unevenly.

                          Urinary incontinence—occurs naturally in middle age due to the decrease in hormones.  When your JRT is spayed to young, there is an early onset of this condition.  A life long regime of hormones will be necessary to control leakage of the bladder.

                          Osteosarcoma—the risk of this cancer is tripled.  However, it may occur in smaller breeds, but is usually limited to larger breeds of canines.

The moral of all of this is to educate yourself on spaying, and decide if having this procedure performed is right for you and your companion.  And above all, do not spay until the reproductive hormones have had time to provide their most important role in your JRT’s development.  

Diagnosing Pain in JRT's

When we humans experience pain it can pretty obvious to diagnose.  We tell other what is hurting us, we limp if we have a bad leg, and if we are having a massive headache we are prone to laying down and sleeping it off.

JRT’s are much like infants.  They indicate pain by vocalizing through various sounds.  Also, they will tell you in their body language when there is a problem, you just have to know how to read them and what to look for. 

Because JRT’s have such active and outgoing personalities, there are times when they will cause harm that will produce their pain or discomfort.  However, there are also times when their pain can be caused by a more underlying issue.  It is times like this that we need to stay vigilante, so that to make sure that the proper treatment is given to prevent any suffering or long term damage.

When diagnosing pain in your JRT, there are a few signs and symptoms, some very subtle that you can keep an eye out for if you suspect your JRT is just not feeling top notch.

Excessive Vocalizations

If your JRT is not typically a whiner or a whimperer, and this particular behavior begins, then chances are good that they are experiencing some type of pain or discomfort.  JRT’s whine for two reasons—excitement or pain/discomfort.  It would be very obvious, if your companion is whining, which of these too scenarios are in play. 

Constant Localized Grooming

When a JRT is experiencing discomfort, for example from joint pain, they will constantly lick the area affected, in an attempt to soothe the pain away.  This is instinctive in all canines, as they are cleaning and caring for the wound in their minds.  If your JRT’s is licking a specific area, and not wound is visible, then the problem is an internal one, and they again are trying to clean and soothe the pain away.  If you notice this constant grooming to a specific area, make sure to have your veterinarian check it out.

Differences in Eating, Drinking, and Sleeping

Most times with JRT’s when their eating and drinking habits change, we are naturally concerned.  However when their sleeping habits change, we write that off to them being lazy.  If your JRT is exhibiting signs of lethargy, basically sleepiness, and it is not part of their normal routine, then there may be cause for concern.

Altered Breathing

Panting when they have not been exercising is a signal from your JRT that something is causing either pain or distress.  As your companion’s owner, you will have to learn to distinguish between your JRT panting when it is hot, panting after exertion, and panting as a signal of another underlying cause.  Also, short shallow breaths that are not involved in panting are causes for concern as well, as your JRT may be telling you that it is hurting them to breath.

Changes in Eyes

When a JRT is experiencing eye pain, they will tend to squint.  Also their pupils will contract and get smaller.  The opposite is true when there is pain in another part of the body.  Your JRT’s pupils will enlarge, and they will look wide and wild eyed--almost to the point of looking like they are scared

Difficulty Resting

Many times, when a JRT’s sleeping habits change, we write that off to having too much energy at bedtime and needing to just calm down.  That may very well not be the case.  It is quite possible that your JRT is experiencing discomfort, or even pain, to the extent that sitting or lying down may be making the situation worse.  With some JRT’s, constant movement and not being able to rest is a sign of something to be concerned with.

Withdrawing or Seeking Affection

In nature, when a canine becomes ill, it is instinct for them to go off by themselves.  This may be true of JRT when they are experiencing pain.  They will go off, away from you, and in some cases even hide.  They want a quiet place to try to rest and heal.  Still others will demand all your attention wanting to be held and loved on and reassured all will be well.

Aggressive Behaviors

When your JRT is experiencing pain, they are simultaneously experiencing a level of fear.  When you do what you know is trying to help them, they only know the fear of the pain being worse.  So your normally sweet, docile JRT will begin to growl, pin their ears back, and even lunge in an attempt to bite you, warning you off.  This is instinct for them, not a reflection on you, and you should to take it as anything other than that. 

A handy tool to keep bookmarked is the symptom checker at PetMD.

You simply put in that you are checking for a canine, input the symptoms, and possible causes are returned.  This will give you a better idea of what your JRT may be dealing with, and how you may want to proceed. 

The one thing to remember is to not try to diagnose the underlying cause of pain in your JRT yourself.  If you notice unusual behaviors, symptoms or actions, then get your companion to the veterinarian.  Do not wait and let the condition worsen, causing your JRT any unnecessary extra duress, and compound the already stressful situation for them.  

Pet Health Insurance--Pros and Cons

Your JRT is a part of your family, and as such you want to provide for and do the best you can to keep your companion healthy and happy.  So, you wonder if maybe your JRT should be provided with a pet health insurance plan.

The first reported pet health insurance coverage was offered to Lassie, in 1982.  Over the years, pets that were in the entertainment business were insured, but until the last decade or so, JRT owners rarely covered their own companions. That is rapidly changing, as more and more JRT owners are seeking out and purchasing pet health insurance plans each and every day.

The question is how do you know if a pet health insurance plan is right for you and your JRT?  

Lets start by looking at the pros and cons of pet health insurance so that you may decide for yourself.

Pros of Pet Health Insurance

•          Should your JRT become seriously or deathly ill, having pet health insurance will help in providing your companion with affordable healthcare.
•          Depending on what plan and provider you choose to go with, emergency procedures are most probably covered.
•          Pet diseases, once deemed a death sentence due to cost, can now be treated due to most pet health insurance plans can make them more affordable.
•          Having pet health insurance provides an extra added peace of mind during times of unexpected treatment expenses.
•          Many plans on the market today offer a multi-pet discount, as well as a discount for choosing a 6 month and yearly plans.

Cons of Pet Health Insurance

•             Many plans and providers have large deductibles, copays, and may even put a cap on just how much they will pay out.
•             As with your insurance, a pre-existing condition may not be covered by your JRT’s plan.
•             Many conditions that are breed specific may not be covered.  For instance, if you have a Labrador retriever, and it develops hip-dysplasia, your plan and provider may not cover any treatments related to the condition.
•              Unlike a pet health savings account, any money spent on pet health insurance premiums are gone, never to be seen again, unless you choose to enact the insurance plan.

Is Pet Health Insurance Right For You?

First and foremost, make sure that you supply your JRT with all the necessities.  Things such as a good home, a safe and warm place to sleep, love and attention, nutritious food, and regular visits to your veterinarian.  

After providing all these necessary things, then set down with your household, and discuss if a pet health insurance plan is right for you and your JRT.  Discuss things like:  will it fit in our budget?  Do we start the plan when our JRT is a puppy, or wait until they are a little older?  Should we consult further with our veterinarian?  That last one is a good one to consider, as your veterinarian would be able to shed more light on what type of plan your JRT would most probably benefit from. 

Choosing the Best Plan for You

Make sure when choosing your JRT’s pet health insurance plan, that you do your homework and due diligence.  Don’t choose the first one you find.  Shop around, compare multiple plans.  Take a piece of paper and with two columns place the pros in one column, the cons in the other.  

Compare each plan against the other in order to make sure you get just what you need.  Talk to friends, family, and co-worker that have pet health insurance themselves, and get their feedback—the good and the bad.  The one thing to remember is not to jump just so you have the coverage.  If you take your time, it will pay out in one way or another in the end. 

Pet Health Insurance VS Pet Health Savings Plan

One last thing to consider is which option would provide your JRT with the best healthcare option—pet health care insurance or a pet health savings account.  If you find a pet healthcare plan and provider that has been recommended by someone you trust and provides you and your JRT all that you feel you need, then go with the insurance.  

However, if you are on the fence, or find that the plans and provider options are just not for you, consider a pet health savings account.  Set a specific amount to be put back each month, and build up the savings account.  The plan is to have a substantial enough savings plan built up, before actually having to tap into it.  And, in the event your JRT does pass, the money is still there unlike the premiums spent on insurance.

The main thing to take away is that you need to look at what you need and expect in a plan, look at what is out there, and decide what is most advantageous for you.  The bottom line is to make sure that your JRT’s healthcare needs are covered, and that they live a long and healthy life.  

Urinary Incontinence in JRT's

Urinary Incontinence in JRT's most commonly presents with involuntary or uncontrollable leakage of urine from the bladder.  In many cases, you will also notice your JRT licking the area of the leakage more often than usual.

Most JRT’s owners associate urinary incontinence with the natural progression of age.  Although that is one factor of its development, it is not the only one.  It is possible that the underlying cause may not be age at all, and for this reason it is highly advised if you suspect incontinence that you have your JRT examined by your veterinarian as soon as possible.

Symptoms of Urinary Incontinence

For the most part, the symptoms of urinary incontinence are pretty much the same from breed to breed.  Although the underlying causes may differ, the symptoms usually do not.  These may include:

·         Urine leakage—aka involuntary peeing

·         Wet fur on the lower abdominal area, or between the rear legs

·         Wet spots appearing on your JRT’s bedding or in their sleeping area

·         Urinary tract infections—or UTI’s

·         Inflammation of the skin around the genitals

·         Increased licking in and the around the area of the leakage

Causes of Urinary Incontinence

First and foremost, before assuming incontinence, it is best to consider other possible causes.

• Submissive Urination—many young JRT’s suffer from this condition when they feel threatened or are fearful.  The good news is that in most cases, this condition is outgrown.
• Territory Marking—if your JRT is an unneutered male, it may be a simple case of them marking their territory, a normal yet irritating habit.
•  Potty Training—finally, it may just be a process of reinforcing the potty training, plain and simple. With older JRT’s, age may come into play, and they may actually forget their training. 

Once you have ruled out the above conditions being the underlying cause of the incontinence, then you may look at the main causes of urinary incontinence in JRT’s

• UTI—Urinary Tract Infection or bladder infection

                        With the use of urinalysis, your veterinarian will be able to diagnose the presence of a 

UTI or bladder infection.  Incontinence from a UTI or bladder infection is a common occurrence in your female JRT’s.  After confirming the infection your veterinarian will most probably choose to prescribe a one to three week round of antibiotics, developed to specifically target this type of infection treatment.  Although incontinence due to bladder infection may begin to show a significant improvement just a few days after initial treatment, it is imperative that you finish out the round of medication anyways.

•  A weak bladder sphincter—most common in older, spayed females

The most common factors that bring on this condition are age, obesity, and the reduction of sensitivity in the neurological receptors in the sphincter itself.  Low levels of hormones, mainly estrogen, in spayed females is suspected to bring on this condition.  One in five JRT’s will suffer from this condition that can effectively be treated with medication.

•  Excessive water consumption

Simply put, your JRT drinks and drinks and then drinks some more.  All this drinking is filling the bladder too full, and then it has to go somewhere.  But, also keep in mind that there may be an underlying condition to why your JRT is drinking so much.  That condition could include:  diabetes mellitus, kidney failure, Cushing’s disease, diabetes insipidus, or again a bladder infection.  It is very important that you have your JRT examined by your veterinarian in order to rule out these possible conditions.

• Spinal cord disease

With this one, the condition is usually in the lower lumbar region and this may include protruding discs.  If discs are the culprit, then surgery may be necessary. 

Secondary problems with Urinary Incontinence

JRT’s that suffer from urinary incontinence may also suffer from secondary conditions in conjunction with the primary condition as well.  These may include:

•     Bladder infections--a JRT who suffers from urinary incontinence may also suffer from an increase in bladder infections.  With the sphincter muscle being more lax bacteria has a better chance of migrating into the bladder and causing infection to set up.  Until your JRT’s incontinence is under control, they may need to be on a maintenance program of antibiotics.

• Urine scalding--urine is a very caustic substance, and when it comes in consistent contact with the skin, it will set up irritation and swelling.  This is usually treated with a topical solution that both heals with antibiotics and contains an anti-inflammatory for discomfort.

• Non-responsive to medication--some JRT’s just do not respond well to the medication for incontinence.  If this is the case, then the use of doggie diapers or bloomers may be a very viable option for you.  The diapers/bloomers will provide a sanitary option, as they soak up the urine, while at the same time keeping it from irritating your JRT’s skin.

Treatments for Urinary Incontinence

If you suspect incontinence in your JRT, get with your veterinarian.  Through a series of examinations and testing’s he will be able to track down the underlying cause, and make a diagnosis that will best benefit you and your JRT. 

The good news is that, more often than not, the treatment of urinary incontinence in JRT’s is quite simple and low cost. 

•  Phenylpropanolamine (PPA)—this is a decongestant that is used for the treatment of urinary incontinence.   Used most commonly in both male and female JRT’s, this medication helps in the strengthening and tightening of the sphincter muscle. 

•  Diethylstilbestrol (DES)—an estrogen supplement commonly used in spayed females for control of urinary incontinence. 

• Testosterone—monthly injections of testosterone are used for neutered males with hormonally-induced incontinence.  It is wise to note that this type of treatment may cause increased urine marking and aggressive behavior. 

• Collagen—a new surgery involving collagen injections now available is a viable option when other options for treatment of incontinence are ineffective. 

•  Natural Treatments—herbs, acupuncture, chiropractic treatment, homeopathic remedies, along with a homemade diet have shown positive results in some cases of treating urinary incontinence. 

Urinary incontinence in your JRT, with proper diagnosis, can be treated.  No longer to only be written off as a result of age, there are alternatives to help your JRT and to make both your lives more comfortable and enjoyable

Dealing With Fever in JRT's

I am sure at some point in your life that you have heard the old wives tale “if a JRT’s nose is cool and wet, they are healthy, and if it is dry and warm they are sick”.  Well, although there is a small glimmer of truth in that statement, for the most part it is not true.  There is more involved than the condition of your JRT’s nose in determining if there is a problem.

In this post, we are going to take a look at the possible signs, symptoms, and causes of fever in your JRT.  With the summer months here, you are well served to not write off your JRT’s change in behavior to the heat.  It may be something much more serious than that, and being alert to any changes can mean the difference between a healthy JRT and the unthinkable alternative.

What classifies as a fever in JRT’s

The human body has a normal base temperature between 97.6 and 99.6 degrees, whereas the normal base temperature in your JRT is usually 99.5 to 102.5 degrees.  On many occasion I have thought that my JRT’s were running fevers, because they felt warm to me, but they were in fact well within their normal temperature range.  It is normal for your JRT to feel feverish to you at times, when in reality they are still within the normal range for their breed.

The very term “fever”, or pyrexia, is associated with and used to indicate a rise in body temperature brought on by either inflammation or infection.  With this in mind, be advised that a temperature of 103.5 degrees or more in a JRT is considered a dog fever and a definite cause for concern. 

When progressing through this topic, keep in mind that your JRT’s temperature could possibly be up do to the weather, but that is just as dangerous and life threatening as a fever.  For a listing of the signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion and heat stroke along with methods to counteract these ailments, check out the earlier post Helping Your JRT Beat The Heat

Signs of fever in JRT’s

Just like a little baby, your JRT can not speak and tell you when they are sick.  As the caretaker of your companion, you need to look for the physical signs of something not being right.  For fever in JRT’s the common symptoms may include:

• Red Eyes
• Lack of Energy
• Warm Ears
• Warm, Dry Nose
• Shivering
• Decreased Appetite
• Rapid Heart Rate
• Coughing
• Vomiting          

Each of these alone may be an indication of another problem but when you put them all together, the underlying problem may very well be a fever.

Causes of fever in JRT’s

Now that we know the signs and symptoms that present with fever in JRT’s, lets take a look at some of its causes. 

·         Infections

·         An infected bite, scratch or cut

·         An ear infection

·         An UTI (urinary tract infection)

·         An infected or abscessed tooth

·         An ongoing bacterial or virus disease

·         Infection of the organs, such as the kidneys or the lungs.

·         Various forms of toxins

·         Toxic plants

·         Antifreeze ingestion

·         Human medications

·         Human foods known to be toxic to canines, including Xylitol

·         Vaccinations

·         It is not uncommon for your JRT, like we humans, to experience a low-grade fever within 24-48 hours after being vaccinated.  This is a normal occurrence and should not be a cause of great concern.  Just monitor your companion and if by chance the low-grade fever does persist, have them checked out just to err on the side of caution.

Keep in mind that the usual suspect, the majority of the time, is the first on the list.  But, it is best to reach out to your JRT’s veterinarian and rule out all the possibilities.  The underlying cause must be found, in order to properly address the method of treated for your JRT.  This assessment is best done by a professional.

Treating fever in JRT’s

Knowing the signs and causes of fever in JRT’s is one thing, diagnosing the underlying problem is another beast all in itself.  

The best method you can use to bring down your JRT’s fever is by applying cool, not cold, water around the areas of their ears and paws.  Some people chose to put them in a tub of cool water, but I find a cool wash cloth works best.  It is best to use the cool water, or compress, every fifteen minutes or so, until you are confident that the fever as abated.  

It is of serious and upmost importance to note here that you are to NEVER give your JRT aspirin or acetaminophen, unless under the strict supervision of a medical professional.  Both of these medications are made for humans, and are very dangerous, even life threatening, if ingested improperly by your JRT.

As your time together progresses, you will learn to read your JRT’s body language, and know when your companion is trying to alert you to something being wrong.  It just takes a sharp eye, and committed attitude, and you will be able to assure you JRT a long and healthy life.      

Treating Your JRT for Fleas and Ticks

We are deep into summer, and the “dog days” of summer are just around the corner.  With that said, I thought maybe we should discuss those pesky critters everyone who has a JRT deals with—fleas and ticks. 

There are two camps on the control and prevention of fleas and ticks—those who use chemical means, and those who use natural means.  I have my own thoughts on each method, but lets take a look at the pros and cons of each and you can decide which method is most suitable to you.

Chemical Control

Chemical flea and tick control can include seven methods:  a collar, a shampoo, sprays, powers, dips, a topical applicant, or a pill.  Each method has its own merits, and a couple are easy and quick to use, but it is up to you to decide which would be most efficient for your JRT.   Lets take a quick look at each ones advantages and disadvantages.

Flea and Tick Collars

Flea and tick collars have been around ever since I can remember, and are one of the longest lasting flea control products ever offered.  Basically, a flea collar is made of plastic and is placed around your JRT’s neck, after being “snapped” to activate.  Then over a set course of time, usually months, a pesticide is slowly released that kills fleas and repels ticks.   There are two types of collars on the market currently.  The first releases a gaseous pesticide that kills fleas that get come close to the collar.  The other releases a chemical that, when absorbed into the skin, will kill any flea that bites your JRT.

When considering flea and tick collars the advantages of a collar is first and foremost the convenience and east of its use, as well as being easy on the budget.  You simply put the collar on your JRT and go.  No muss, no fuss.  And with various versions on the market claiming to last up to 12 months, they are a long-lasting, economical alternative.

But, flea and tick collars also have their disadvantages.  Keep in mind that the collar will only kill a certain amount of fleas on your JRT, it will not kill them all.  Those fleas and ticks that chose to stay furthest from the collar will not feel its affects.  There is also a chance your JRT will experience irritation around the neck where ever the collar comes in contact with skin.  Lastly, many have commented on the unpleasant odor that the collar emits.

Flea and Tick Shampoos

Another source of flea and tick prevention that has been around for decades are the various flea and tick shampoos on the market.  Containing an ingredient called pyrethrins, shampoos serve to wash away any fleas or ticks present on your JRT.  Easily available anywhere that sells pet supplies, these shampoos are known for ease of use.  When used, it is best to note that these shampoos are designed to remain on your JRT, in the bath, for a small amount of time, giving it the best opportunity to work.

There are some disadvantages to be considered with flea and tick shampoos.  Since they are placed 

on the skin, and left for a while, they are absorbed to some degree by the skin.  They are also a short term alternative, as they do not aid in the prevention of flea infestations.

Flea and Tick Sprays

Flea and tick sprays are also a widely available method for flea and tick control, simply sprayed on your JRT after their bath.  Another easy to use and economical alternative, they are easy to apply for use.

Disadvantages include that they have the tendency to not work efficiently, as well as the possibility of irritation to your JRT’s skin.  And, if during spraying the chemicals get in or near your JRT’s eyes, a serious problem could develop.

Flea and Tick Powders

Another easily obtainable method, flea and tick powders are relatively economical and easy to apply and use.

However, like flea and tick sprays, powders can cause serious harm when absorbed by your JRT’s skin, an cause serious irritation and problems if the powders get in or around their eyes.  There are side effects that may occur, as well, with the use of these powders including vomiting, diarrhea, and even shaking. 

Flea and Tick Dips

Flea and tick dips, like shampoos, are applied to your JRT in the bath.  They are not meant to be used as a preventative, and they serve as nothing more than a short-term solution.  The dip solution is very concentrated and must be diluted.  After application it must be given time to air dry on your JRT.  

After is has dried, it is safe to give bathes and such as needed.  It is the best to have a professional give your JRT a treatment of this type as the dipping solution is extremely concentrated and should be used with extreme caution.  If it is something you chose to do at home, make sure to protect your skin and eyes, and the eyes and mouth of your JRT.

Flea and Tick Topical Solution

Often referred to as a “spot on” product, the topical treatments seem to currently be the most popular.  A drop of the product is placed between the shoulder blades of your JRT, usually ones a month.  This product spreads through the sweat glands, and helps to kill and repel fleas and ticks.  The product is simple to apply, and once dry your JRT can go in water and be bathed like normal.  

It is important to note that until the application is completely dry, do not let children or other pets around your JRT.  Possible side effects of note with this product are itching/scratching, redness or swelling of the skin, and in some case hair loss.

Flea and Tick Pill

Although the oral form does provide ease of treatment, well other than trying to get your JRT to swallow a pill, it does not repel the fleas and ticks.  The fleas and ticks must be on your JRT and bite them in order for the product to do its job and kill them.  

Keep in mind, as with most all oral medications, there is a risk of upset stomach, vomiting, and diarrhea occurring with this products use.  Also skin reactions such as itching, redness and hives have been noted.  In some more serious cases depression and prominent decrease in appetite have been noted.

Natural Control

If you would like to go more natural in your choice of treatment then there are products for flea and tick prevention as well. Some of the more natural choices include:  lemon or orange juice, regular baths, regular brushings/combings, maintaining a cleaning ritual, and even essential oils.  So, lets take a look at each, and see how they may work as an alternative for you and your family.

Lemon/Orange Juice

A chemical contained within the peel of lemons and oranges, limonene, is a natural flea and tick repellant.  But, on the same hand is deadly poisonous to JRT’s.  However, limonene is only present minimally, and usually not in a fatal amount, in the juice of the fruits.  So, cutting a lemon or orange in half, and rubbing the juice on your JRT’s will help as a natural repellent.  

If you JRT seems to want to lick the juice off themselves, make sure to keep an eye on them.  As with all endeavors, allergic reactions are a possibility.  So, if your JRT begins to act strangely, discontinue this application method. 

Tub Time

Since fleas do not grasp onto anything to stay on your JRT, a good ol fashioned dunk in the tub is sure to wash away most of the pesky critters.  Not only does the water aid in ridding your JRT of the fleas, it also helps to soothe any itching or irritation that they may be experiencing.  Add in the use of a flea shampoo, or a mild soap and you have the makings for a happy companion.

Brushing

Regular brushing of your JRT is another natural preventative for fleas and ticks.  With regular brushings, preferable with a flea comb, you are making sure that no fleas have the chance to settle in and set up home on your JRT.  Using a specialized comb will ensure that, when raked through your JRT’s fur that the fleas will not be able to escape between the bristles.

Clean, Clean, Clean

Making sure to regularly wash and clean your JRT’s bed will go a long way for flea prevention.  And, not only their bed, but the area around the pet, and the entire house.  Frequent vacuuming and cleaning of the floors in your house, and your furniture if your JRT sleeps on it, will add in preventing fleas from taking up residence with you.  Also, do not forget to empty your sweeper bags/containers after each cleaning because fleas can continue to live in there, and even maybe escape and make all your hard work for nothing.

Essential Oils

Some essential oils have been noted as being very good at flea and tick prevention.  For ticks in particular, the use of rose geranium oil can be very effective.  By applying just a few drops to your JRT’s collar you will help to keep the ticks from even considering attaching themselves.  Of note here, if you choose to go this method, us the oil sparingly, as a little goes a long way.

So, there you have it, a look at the possible ways, chemical and natural, that you may prevent fleas and ticks from becoming a problem for your JRT and your family as well.  No matter your mind set, there is sure to be a method that will work for you.

Introducing A New Pet Into The Household

After much thought and debate, you and your household have decided it is time to get another pet.  

This is all good and fine, but you are concerned with how your JRT might react.  Although thinking the whole situation through, and heeding your initial concern is a good practice, do take comfort in the fact that the addition to the household is a doable thing.  As long as it is handled properly, the introduction of another pet into your family dynamic should go smoothly. 

First off, it is essential to remember that if your JRT has been your only pet for a while, then they will suffer from the “only child” syndrome.  Most especially the part where they have always gotten the attention of the household, something they are not going to like giving up, nor give up without a fight.  This is usually the main cause of dissention between the current pet, your JRT, and any new pet you may bring into the household, as well as probably the toughest problem to overcome. 

When preparing your JRT for the new family addition, it is imperative to keep in mind that the method for introduction of the new pet will differ according to the type of pet.  For example, introducing another canine into the home will differ greatly from introducing, say, a feline.  There are different things to take into consideration for each one.  In this post will look at the methods involved, based on species, and hopefully find something that will work for you.

A Household Built for Two…Canines That Is

Opposite Genders

If you are introducing another canine into the household dynamic, then you will want to seriously consider introducing a canine of an opposing gender, especially if the JRT you currently have is of the aggressive nature.  Two aggressive natured canines in one household will assuredly set you and up for problems if not failure.  Also keep in mind that two female JRT’s in the same household can result in the same aggression problems.  This writer can speak to this from experience, as my senior female JRT’s, when they hit about seven years old, became so aggressive towards one another, that I have to keep them caged, and only allow one out at a given time.  If not, the hostility ensues, and most assuredly blood is drawn.  So, please consider the aggression factor first and foremost in your decision making.

First Impressions

As with humans, first impressions play a major role in how well one canine will get along with another.  When introducing a JRT to a possible new family member for the first time, it is best that this be done with both parties under control.  By this I mean have both the perspective family member on a loose leash, as well as your JRT.  This is so YOU can maintain control of the situation, and if things start to go south, will have a means to separate the two.  Once you are satisfied with how they initially react to one another, then you may take them off leash, and place them in a controlled, monitored area.  This will allow them more freedom to move around and get to know each other better.  Still keeps an eye on them for any signs that there may be a problem occurring. 

Share the Love

Keep in mind that up to this point your JRT has been the “baby” of the family.  They have been the one to get all the attention, loving, and play time.  It is naturally going to upset them to think that another “thing” will be coming into their perfect life, and totally blowing it to smithereens (I imagine that is how it feels to them anyways).  So, keeping that in mind it is imperative that when you are introducing your JRT to the new family member, that you do NOT shower the new canine with excessive attention.  Do not hold, love on, or make over the new canine, as this will just set the whole situation up for possibly a life-long resentment on your JRT’s part.  Give both canines each attention, at the same time, and they will know that they are both loved and appreciated in the household.

Table for One

It is also a good idea, the first few weeks after the new additions arrival  that both your JRT and the new family member are fed separately.  This will ensure that there are not squabbles over food that could turn into big ugly fights that could then turn into a life-long problem.  Again, been there, done that, and still dealing with it today.   After a few weeks their food bowls can be brought closer together as long as feeding time is supervised.  That way, if there appears to be a problem arising, you can nip it in the bud.  Also remember to keep your JRT and the new addition apart when playing with toys and chews.  Some of the biggest fights your JRT will have with another canine will most assuredly be over two things:  food and toys--hands down.

Good Things to Come

Here is a little trick that I did not know of, or even think about, that can be very useful.  When your JRT and the new addition are in the same room, and the JRT is friendly and agreeable as well as behaves with the other canine, reward your JRT.  But, when the new addition leaves the room, take the reward away from your JRT.  Then again, when the new addition comes back into the room, and the JRT behaves, reward your JRT again.  This process of give and take will eventually instill in your JRT that when the new addition is around, good things happen.  And when the new addition leaves, well not so good things happen.  After a while, your JRT will begin to associate the good things with the new addition, which will in turn keep your JRT amicable towards them.

Walkies For Two

Finally, take both your JRT and the new addition on walks together.  Allow them ample leash to walk side by side, to sniff and explore together, and to just generally enjoy their time together.  Maybe take them to a dog park, and let them run and play together, or if you need to do some training lessons, let them both participate.  Allowing to do these types of activities together will allow them to bond, and in the end, will make your and that of the rest of the household much more peaceful. 

                Hello…Kitty

The main thing to keep in mind when considering introducing a cat, or kitten, into the household dynamic is that JRT’s were bred to be hunters.  They are hard-wired to stalk, hunt, and obtain their prey, which usually includes animals smaller than them, such as kittens.  So with that in mind, lets take a look at some the methods to properly introduce your JRT to their new house mate, shall we?

As with introducing another canine into the home, when introducing a feline you will have to be both patient and diligent.  The best case scenario is that you get your JRT when it is a puppy, and your feline when it is kitten, so that they may grow up together.  As younger versions of themselves,  they will have the opportunity to bond before the instincts of each of their species begin to take over.  If that is not an option, then the following ideas may be of help.

Hello Stranger

When you bring your cat/kitten home for the first time, the best idea is to place it in a cage, and place the cage on a table.  Cats are naturally more comfortable and secure feeling in high places, and with your new family member on a table in a cage, they will have an easier time acclimating to the new situation.  Also, this will give your JRT time to take notice of the new resident, adjust to the smell and sounds that it makes without unnecessarily cause a ruckous. 

Getting To Know You

After a few weeks of the “introductory phase”, it is now time to let them meet face to face.  This is where the patience and diligence really comes into play.  It is best to keep your JRT on a leash, the feline in a cage or even use a child gate to separate them.  The main idea here is to keep the entire situation under YOUR complete control.  Do not give your JRT so much leeway that they can lunge at the cat/kitten, because that will just put you back at square one. 

Move slowly at this stage, so that you may notice any signs of fear or defensiveness on the part of the feline.  Keep in mind, there will some initial fear that is only in their nature.  A good idea is to have some of your JRT’s treats nearby.  When your JRT moves towards the feline, but in a curious but none aggressive manner, make sure to treat them.  This is reinforcing that the cat/kitten is a good thing, with the possibility of treats to follow.  But, if your JRT barks, lunges or growls, or the cat/kitten hisses and tries to scratch, end the interaction and separate them once again.  It will take longer than just a few days, in most cases, and you will keep repeating this interaction until neither your JRT or the cat/kitten shows any signs of hostility or anger towards the other.

The Nose Knows

Once you have been successful with the previous steps, it is now time to let them meet nose to nose.  In the natural wild, canines and felines use their noses to get to know one another.  As before, keep both your JRT and the cat/kitten on a leash, and let them explore slowly.  Reward them both generously for good behavior, watch their body language closely and be prepared for the to occasionally lunge at one nother.  Be patient and diligent, and eventually they will get along.  This is not an overnight process, so take it nice and slow and all of you will benefit.  Remember that when you are not there to supervise, have your JRT and the cat/kitten put up away from each other.

If you have a little patience and due diligence, your JRT can learn to live happily with any new addition you chose to make to the household.  Everyone can learn to live in peace and harmony.

If you have a little patience and practive due diligence, your JRT can learn to live happily with any new addition you chose to make to the household.  Everyone can learn to live in peace and harmony.